配置Tomcat角色
Maven自动部署实际上调的是Tomcat安装目录下的manager功能。而为了能正常访问http://localhost:8080/manager页面，我们需要修改$TOMCAT_HOME/conf目录下的tomcat-users.xml
<tomcat-users>
<role rolename="tomcat"/>
<role rolename="manager"/>
<role rolename="manager-gui"/>
<role rolename="manager-script" />
<role rolename="admin-gui"/>
<user username="tomcat" password="tomcat" roles="tomcat,manager,
manager-gui,manager-script,admin-gui" />
</tomcat-users>
修改pom.xml增加Tomcat Maven插件
我使用的Tomcat7，pom.xml中增加如下配置：
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.2</version>
<configuration>
<uriEncoding>UTF-8</uriEncoding>
<url>http://localhost:8080/manager/text</url>
<server>tomcat</server>
<username>tomcat</username>
<password>tomcat</password>
<port>8080</port>
<path>/${finalName}</path>
</configuration>
</plugin>
上面username、password来自tomcat-users.xml。server是Tomcat服务器名称。path是访问应用的路径。url指定Tomcat管理页路径。
修改Maven的settings.xml
在$USER_HOME/.m2目录下找到settings.xml，添加server节点
<servers>
<server>
<id>tomcat</id>
<username>tomcat</username>
<password>tomcat</password>
</server>
</servers>
上面的username、password依然与tomcat-users.xml中相同，id与pom.xml中的server相同
部署项目到Tomcat
先确保Tomcat服务器已经启动，然后cd到项目根目录，运行下面的命令
mvn clean tomcat7:redeploy
部署成功，如下:
➜ party mvn clean tomcat7:redeploy
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO]
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Building party 1.0-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-clean-plugin:2.5:clean (default-clean) @ party ---
[INFO] Deleting /Users/CJS/Documents/VersionRepository/Git/party/target
[INFO]
[INFO] >>> tomcat7-maven-plugin:2.2:redeploy (default-cli) > package @ party >>>
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:resources (default-resources) @ party ---
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] Copying 0 resource
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:compile (default-compile) @ party ---
[INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module!
[INFO] Compiling 3 source files to /Users/CJS/Documents/VersionRepository/Git/party/target/classes
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:testResources (default-testResources) @ party ---
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] Copying 0 resource
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ party ---
[INFO] Nothing to compile - all classes are up to date
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.12.4:test (default-test) @ party ---
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-war-plugin:2.2:war (default-war) @ party ---
[INFO] Packaging webapp
[INFO] Assembling webapp [party] in [/Users/CJS/Documents/VersionRepository/Git/party/target/party]
[INFO] Processing war project
[INFO] Copying webapp resources [/Users/CJS/Documents/VersionRepository/Git/party/src/main/webapp]
[INFO] Webapp assembled in [56 msecs]
[INFO] Building war: /Users/CJS/Documents/VersionRepository/Git/party/target/party.war
[INFO] WEB-INF/web.xml already added, skipping
[INFO]
[INFO] <<< tomcat7-maven-plugin:2.2:redeploy (default-cli) < package @ party <<<
[INFO]
[INFO] --- tomcat7-maven-plugin:2.2:redeploy (default-cli) @ party ---
[INFO] Deploying war to http://blog.vzhibo.tv:8080/party
Uploading: http://xxxx:8080/manager/text/deploy?path=%2Fparty&update=true
Uploaded: http://xxxx:8080/manager/text/deploy?path=%2Fparty&update=true (1774 KB at 1193.7 KB/sec)
[INFO] tomcatManager status code:200, ReasonPhrase:OK
[INFO] OK - Deployed application at context path /party
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 8.042 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2015-02-11T16:48:07+08:00
[INFO] Final Memory: 15M/81M
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
➜ party
然后我们就能在Tomcat安装目录的webapps目录下找到新部署的WAR包。
初次部署用的是tomcat7:deploy命令，重新部署可以用tomcat7:redeploy命令，Tomcat Maven插件支持的命令包括：run、shutdown、run-war-only、exec-war、standalone-war-only、deploy、standalone-war、undeploy、run-war、redeploy等。